What is ultrasound-guided FNA of thyroid nodules?

Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a minimally invasive procedure used to obtain a sample of cells from a thyroid nodule. An ultrasound machine helps the doctor visualize the nodule, ensuring accurate needle placement for effective sampling.

Why is FNA performed on thyroid nodules?

FNA is performed to determine whether a thyroid nodule is benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). It helps in diagnosing conditions like thyroid cancer, which can guide treatment decisions. Most thyroid nodules are benign, but FNA is crucial for identifying those that may require further intervention.

What should I expect during the FNA procedure?

During the procedure:

• You will be positioned comfortably, usually lying down.
• The area around the nodule will be cleaned, and a local anesthetic may be applied.
• Using ultrasound, the doctor will insert a thin needle into the nodule to collect a small sample of tissue.
• The procedure typically takes about 10-15 minutes and may cause minimal discomfort.

Afterward, you can usually resume normal activities.

Are there any risks associated with FNA?

Risks associated with FNA are similar to that of any procedure involving a needle like a blood draw and can include:

• Minimal to none bleeding at the site of the needle insertion
• Infection
• Discomfort or pain during or after the procedure

These complications are very rare.